Analysis and benchmarking of small and large genomic variants across tandem repeats.

TitleAnalysis and benchmarking of small and large genomic variants across tandem repeats.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2024
AuthorsEnglish, AC, Dolzhenko, E, Jam, HZiaei, McKenzie, SK, Olson, ND, De Coster, W, Park, J, Gu, B, Wagner, J, Eberle, MA, Gymrek, M, Chaisson, MJP, Zook, JM, Sedlazeck, FJ
JournalNat Biotechnol
Date Published2024 Apr 26
ISSN1546-1696
Abstract

Tandem repeats (TRs) are highly polymorphic in the human genome, have thousands of associated molecular traits and are linked to over 60 disease phenotypes. However, they are often excluded from at-scale studies because of challenges with variant calling and representation, as well as a lack of a genome-wide standard. Here, to promote the development of TR methods, we created a catalog of TR regions and explored TR properties across 86 haplotype-resolved long-read human assemblies. We curated variants from the Genome in a Bottle (GIAB) HG002 individual to create a TR dataset to benchmark existing and future TR analysis methods. We also present an improved variant comparison method that handles variants greater than 4 bp in length and varying allelic representation. The 8.1% of the genome covered by the TR catalog holds ~24.9% of variants per individual, including 124,728 small and 17,988 large variants for the GIAB HG002 'truth-set' TR benchmark. We demonstrate the utility of this pipeline across short-read and long-read technologies.

DOI10.1038/s41587-024-02225-z
Alternate JournalNat Biotechnol
PubMed ID38671154
PubMed Central ID1205532