Atypical angiopoietin-like protein that regulates ANGPTL3.

TitleAtypical angiopoietin-like protein that regulates ANGPTL3.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2012
AuthorsQuagliarini, F, Wang, Y, Kozlitina, J, Grishin, NV, Hyde, R, Boerwinkle, E, Valenzuela, DM, Murphy, AJ, Cohen, JC, Hobbs, HH
JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Volume109
Issue48
Pagination19751-6
Date Published2012 Nov 27
ISSN1091-6490
KeywordsAmino Acid Sequence, Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3, Angiopoietin-like Proteins, Angiopoietins, Animals, Cholesterol, HDL, Cholesterol, LDL, GTPase-Activating Proteins, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Hypertriglyceridemia, Introns, Liver, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Triglycerides
Abstract

Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs) play major roles in the trafficking and metabolism of lipids. Inactivation of ANGPTL3, a gene located in an intron of DOCK7, results in very low levels of LDL-cholesterol (C), HDL-C and triglyceride (TAG). We identified another ANGPTL family member, ANGPTL8, which is located in the corresponding intron of DOCK6. A variant in this family member (rs2278426, R59W) was associated with lower plasma LDL-C and HDL-C levels in three populations. ANGPTL8 is expressed in liver and adipose tissue, and circulates in plasma of humans. Expression of ANGPTL8 was reduced by fasting and increased by refeeding in both mice and humans. To examine the functional relationship between the two ANGPTL family members, we expressed ANGPTL3 at physiological levels alone or together with ANGPTL8 in livers of mice. Plasma TAG level did not change in mice expressing ANGPTL3 alone, whereas coexpression with ANGPTL8 resulted in hypertriglyceridemia, despite a reduction in circulating ANGPTL3. ANGPTL8 coimmunoprecipitated with the N-terminal domain of ANGPTL3 in plasma of these mice. In cultured hepatocytes, ANGPTL8 expression increased the appearance of N-terminal ANGPTL3 in the medium, suggesting ANGPTL8 may activate ANGPTL3. Consistent with this scenario, expression of ANGPTL8 in Angptl3(-/-) mice failed to promote hypertriglyceridemia. Thus, ANGPTL8, a paralog of ANGPTL3 that arose through duplication of an ancestral DOCK gene, regulates postprandial TAG and fatty acid metabolism by controlling activation of its progenitor, and perhaps other ANGPTLs. Inhibition of ANGPTL8 provides a new therapeutic strategy for reducing plasma lipoprotein levels.

DOI10.1073/pnas.1217552109
Alternate JournalProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
PubMed ID23150577
PubMed Central IDPMC3511699
Grant ListP01 HL020948 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
/ HHMI / Howard Hughes Medical Institute / United States
RL1 HL092550 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States
R01 GM094575 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
P01 HL20948 / HL / NHLBI NIH HHS / United States

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