%0 Journal Article %J Nat Genet %D 2020 %T Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals. %A Surendran, Praveen %A Feofanova, Elena V %A Lahrouchi, Najim %A Ntalla, Ioanna %A Karthikeyan, Savita %A Cook, James %A Chen, Lingyan %A Mifsud, Borbala %A Yao, Chen %A Kraja, Aldi T %A Cartwright, James H %A Hellwege, Jacklyn N %A Giri, Ayush %A Tragante, Vinicius %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Liu, Dajiang J %A Prins, Bram P %A Stewart, Isobel D %A Cabrera, Claudia P %A Eales, James M %A Akbarov, Artur %A Auer, Paul L %A Bielak, Lawrence F %A Bis, Joshua C %A Braithwaite, Vickie S %A Brody, Jennifer A %A Daw, E Warwick %A Warren, Helen R %A Drenos, Fotios %A Nielsen, Sune Fallgaard %A Faul, Jessica D %A Fauman, Eric B %A Fava, Cristiano %A Ferreira, Teresa %A Foley, Christopher N %A Franceschini, Nora %A Gao, He %A Giannakopoulou, Olga %A Giulianini, Franco %A Gudbjartsson, Daniel F %A Guo, Xiuqing %A Harris, Sarah E %A Havulinna, Aki S %A Helgadottir, Anna %A Huffman, Jennifer E %A Hwang, Shih-Jen %A Kanoni, Stavroula %A Kontto, Jukka %A Larson, Martin G %A Li-Gao, Ruifang %A Lindström, Jaana %A Lotta, Luca A %A Lu, Yingchang %A Luan, Jian'an %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Malerba, Giovanni %A Masca, Nicholas G D %A Mei, Hao %A Menni, Cristina %A Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O %A Mosen-Ansorena, David %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Paré, Guillaume %A Paul, Dirk S %A Perola, Markus %A Poveda, Alaitz %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Richard, Melissa %A Richardson, Tom G %A Sepúlveda, Nuno %A Sim, Xueling %A Smith, Albert V %A Smith, Jennifer A %A Staley, James R %A Stanáková, Alena %A Sulem, Patrick %A Thériault, Sébastien %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Trompet, Stella %A Varga, Tibor V %A Velez Edwards, Digna R %A Veronesi, Giovanni %A Weiss, Stefan %A Willems, Sara M %A Yao, Jie %A Young, Robin %A Yu, Bing %A Zhang, Weihua %A Zhao, Jing-Hua %A Zhao, Wei %A Zhao, Wei %A Evangelou, Evangelos %A Aeschbacher, Stefanie %A Asllanaj, Eralda %A Blankenberg, Stefan %A Bonnycastle, Lori L %A Bork-Jensen, Jette %A Brandslund, Ivan %A Braund, Peter S %A Burgess, Stephen %A Cho, Kelly %A Christensen, Cramer %A Connell, John %A Mutsert, Renée de %A Dominiczak, Anna F %A Dörr, Marcus %A Eiriksdottir, Gudny %A Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni %A Gaziano, J Michael %A Grarup, Niels %A Grove, Megan L %A Hallmans, Goran %A Hansen, Torben %A Have, Christian T %A Heiss, Gerardo %A Jørgensen, Marit E %A Jousilahti, Pekka %A Kajantie, Eero %A Kamat, Mihir %A Käräjämäki, Annemari %A Karpe, Fredrik %A Koistinen, Heikki A %A Kovesdy, Csaba P %A Kuulasmaa, Kari %A Laatikainen, Tiina %A Lannfelt, Lars %A Lee, I-Te %A Lee, Wen-Jane %A Linneberg, Allan %A Martin, Lisa W %A Moitry, Marie %A Nadkarni, Girish %A Neville, Matt J %A Palmer, Colin N A %A Papanicolaou, George J %A Pedersen, Oluf %A Peters, James %A Poulter, Neil %A Rasheed, Asif %A Rasmussen, Katrine L %A Rayner, N William %A Mägi, Reedik %A Renstrom, Frida %A Rettig, Rainer %A Rossouw, Jacques %A Schreiner, Pamela J %A Sever, Peter S %A Sigurdsson, Emil L %A Skaaby, Tea %A Sun, Yan V %A Sundström, Johan %A Thorgeirsson, Gudmundur %A Esko, Tõnu %A Trabetti, Elisabetta %A Tsao, Philip S %A Tuomi, Tiinamaija %A Turner, Stephen T %A Tzoulaki, Ioanna %A Vaartjes, Ilonca %A Vergnaud, Anne-Claire %A Willer, Cristen J %A Wilson, Peter W F %A Witte, Daniel R %A Yonova-Doing, Ekaterina %A Zhang, He %A Aliya, Naheed %A Almgren, Peter %A Amouyel, Philippe %A Asselbergs, Folkert W %A Barnes, Michael R %A Blakemore, Alexandra I %A Boehnke, Michael %A Bots, Michiel L %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Buring, Julie E %A Chambers, John C %A Chen, Yii-Der Ida %A Chowdhury, Rajiv %A Conen, David %A Correa, Adolfo %A Davey Smith, George %A Boer, Rudolf A de %A Deary, Ian J %A Dedoussis, George %A Deloukas, Panos %A Di Angelantonio, Emanuele %A Elliott, Paul %A Felix, Stephan B %A Ferrieres, Jean %A Ford, Ian %A Fornage, Myriam %A Franks, Paul W %A Franks, Stephen %A Frossard, Philippe %A Gambaro, Giovanni %A Gaunt, Tom R %A Groop, Leif %A Gudnason, Vilmundur %A Harris, Tamara B %A Hayward, Caroline %A Hennig, Branwen J %A Herzig, Karl-Heinz %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta %A Jukema, J Wouter %A Kardia, Sharon L R %A Kee, Frank %A Kooner, Jaspal S %A Kooperberg, Charles %A Launer, Lenore J %A Lind, Lars %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Majumder, Abdulla Al Shafi %A Laakso, Markku %A McCarthy, Mark I %A Melander, Olle %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Murray, Alison D %A Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne %A Orho-Melander, Marju %A Packard, Chris J %A Padmanabhan, Sandosh %A Palmas, Walter %A Polasek, Ozren %A Porteous, David J %A Prentice, Andrew M %A Province, Michael A %A Relton, Caroline L %A Rice, Kenneth %A Ridker, Paul M %A Rolandsson, Olov %A Rosendaal, Frits R %A Rotter, Jerome I %A Rudan, Igor %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Samani, Nilesh J %A Sattar, Naveed %A Sheu, Wayne H-H %A Smith, Blair H %A Soranzo, Nicole %A Spector, Timothy D %A Starr, John M %A Sebert, Sylvain %A Taylor, Kent D %A Lakka, Timo A %A Timpson, Nicholas J %A Tobin, Martin D %A van der Harst, Pim %A van der Meer, Peter %A Ramachandran, Vasan S %A Verweij, Niek %A Virtamo, Jarmo %A Völker, Uwe %A Weir, David R %A Zeggini, Eleftheria %A Charchar, Fadi J %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Tomaszewski, Maciej %A Butterworth, Adam S %A Caulfield, Mark J %A Danesh, John %A Edwards, Todd L %A Holm, Hilma %A Hung, Adriana M %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Liu, Chunyu %A Manning, Alisa K %A Morris, Andrew P %A Morrison, Alanna C %A O'Donnell, Christopher J %A Psaty, Bruce M %A Saleheen, Danish %A Stefansson, Kari %A Eric Boerwinkle %A Chasman, Daniel I %A Levy, Daniel %A Newton-Cheh, Christopher %A Munroe, Patricia B %A Howson, Joanna M M %K Blood Pressure %K GATA5 Transcription Factor %K Gene Frequency %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Genotype %K Humans %K Hypertension %K Mutation %K Phospholipase C beta %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %X

Genetic studies of blood pressure (BP) to date have mainly analyzed common variants (minor allele frequency > 0.05). In a meta-analysis of up to ~1.3 million participants, we discovered 106 new BP-associated genomic regions and 87 rare (minor allele frequency ≤ 0.01) variant BP associations (P < 5 × 10), of which 32 were in new BP-associated loci and 55 were independent BP-associated single-nucleotide variants within known BP-associated regions. Average effects of rare variants (44% coding) were ~8 times larger than common variant effects and indicate potential candidate causal genes at new and known loci (for example, GATA5 and PLCB3). BP-associated variants (including rare and common) were enriched in regions of active chromatin in fetal tissues, potentially linking fetal development with BP regulation in later life. Multivariable Mendelian randomization suggested possible inverse effects of elevated systolic and diastolic BP on large artery stroke. Our study demonstrates the utility of rare-variant analyses for identifying candidate genes and the results highlight potential therapeutic targets.

%B Nat Genet %V 52 %P 1314-1332 %8 2020 Dec %G eng %N 12 %1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33230300?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/s41588-020-00713-x %0 Journal Article %J Nat Genet %D 2015 %T Genetic fine mapping and genomic annotation defines causal mechanisms at type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci. %A Gaulton, Kyle J %A Ferreira, Teresa %A Lee, Yeji %A Raimondo, Anne %A Mägi, Reedik %A Reschen, Michael E %A Mahajan, Anubha %A Locke, Adam %A Rayner, N William %A Robertson, Neil %A Scott, Robert A %A Prokopenko, Inga %A Scott, Laura J %A Green, Todd %A Sparso, Thomas %A Thuillier, Dorothee %A Yengo, Loic %A Grallert, Harald %A Wahl, Simone %A Frånberg, Mattias %A Strawbridge, Rona J %A Kestler, Hans %A Chheda, Himanshu %A Eisele, Lewin %A Gustafsson, Stefan %A Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur %A Thorleifsson, Gudmar %A Qi, Lu %A Karssen, Lennart C %A van Leeuwen, Elisabeth M %A Willems, Sara M %A Li, Man %A Chen, Han %A Fuchsberger, Christian %A Kwan, Phoenix %A Ma, Clement %A Linderman, Michael %A Lu, Yingchang %A Thomsen, Soren K %A Rundle, Jana K %A Beer, Nicola L %A van de Bunt, Martijn %A Chalisey, Anil %A Kang, Hyun Min %A Voight, Benjamin F %A Abecasis, Gonçalo R %A Almgren, Peter %A Baldassarre, Damiano %A Balkau, Beverley %A Benediktsson, Rafn %A Blüher, Matthias %A Boeing, Heiner %A Bonnycastle, Lori L %A Bottinger, Erwin P %A Burtt, Noël P %A Carey, Jason %A Charpentier, Guillaume %A Chines, Peter S %A Cornelis, Marilyn C %A Couper, David J %A Crenshaw, Andrew T %A van Dam, Rob M %A Doney, Alex S F %A Dorkhan, Mozhgan %A Edkins, Sarah %A Eriksson, Johan G %A Esko, Tõnu %A Eury, Elodie %A Fadista, João %A Flannick, Jason %A Fontanillas, Pierre %A Fox, Caroline %A Franks, Paul W %A Gertow, Karl %A Gieger, Christian %A Gigante, Bruna %A Gottesman, Omri %A Grant, George B %A Grarup, Niels %A Groves, Christopher J %A Hassinen, Maija %A Have, Christian T %A Herder, Christian %A Holmen, Oddgeir L %A Hreidarsson, Astradur B %A Humphries, Steve E %A Hunter, David J %A Jackson, Anne U %A Jonsson, Anna %A Jørgensen, Marit E %A Jørgensen, Torben %A Kao, Wen-Hong L %A Kerrison, Nicola D %A Kinnunen, Leena %A Klopp, Norman %A Kong, Augustine %A Kovacs, Peter %A Kraft, Peter %A Kravic, Jasmina %A Langford, Cordelia %A Leander, Karin %A Liang, Liming %A Lichtner, Peter %A Lindgren, Cecilia M %A Lindholm, Eero %A Linneberg, Allan %A Liu, Ching-Ti %A Lobbens, Stéphane %A Luan, Jian'an %A Lyssenko, Valeriya %A Männistö, Satu %A McLeod, Olga %A Meyer, Julia %A Mihailov, Evelin %A Mirza, Ghazala %A Mühleisen, Thomas W %A Müller-Nurasyid, Martina %A Navarro, Carmen %A Nöthen, Markus M %A Oskolkov, Nikolay N %A Owen, Katharine R %A Palli, Domenico %A Pechlivanis, Sonali %A Peltonen, Leena %A Perry, John R B %A Platou, Carl G P %A Roden, Michael %A Ruderfer, Douglas %A Rybin, Denis %A van der Schouw, Yvonne T %A Sennblad, Bengt %A Sigurðsson, Gunnar %A Stančáková, Alena %A Steinbach, Gerald %A Storm, Petter %A Strauch, Konstantin %A Stringham, Heather M %A Sun, Qi %A Thorand, Barbara %A Tikkanen, Emmi %A Tonjes, Anke %A Trakalo, Joseph %A Tremoli, Elena %A Tuomi, Tiinamaija %A Wennauer, Roman %A Wiltshire, Steven %A Wood, Andrew R %A Zeggini, Eleftheria %A Dunham, Ian %A Birney, Ewan %A Pasquali, Lorenzo %A Ferrer, Jorge %A Loos, Ruth J F %A Dupuis, Josée %A Florez, Jose C %A Boerwinkle, Eric %A Pankow, James S %A van Duijn, Cornelia %A Sijbrands, Eric %A Meigs, James B %A Hu, Frank B %A Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur %A Stefansson, Kari %A Lakka, Timo A %A Rauramaa, Rainer %A Stumvoll, Michael %A Pedersen, Nancy L %A Lind, Lars %A Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka M %A Korpi-Hyövälti, Eeva %A Saaristo, Timo E %A Saltevo, Juha %A Kuusisto, Johanna %A Laakso, Markku %A Metspalu, Andres %A Erbel, Raimund %A Jöcke, Karl-Heinz %A Moebus, Susanne %A Ripatti, Samuli %A Salomaa, Veikko %A Ingelsson, Erik %A Boehm, Bernhard O %A Bergman, Richard N %A Collins, Francis S %A Mohlke, Karen L %A Koistinen, Heikki %A Tuomilehto, Jaakko %A Hveem, Kristian %A Njølstad, Inger %A Deloukas, Panagiotis %A Donnelly, Peter J %A Frayling, Timothy M %A Hattersley, Andrew T %A de Faire, Ulf %A Hamsten, Anders %A Illig, Thomas %A Peters, Annette %A Cauchi, Stephane %A Sladek, Rob %A Froguel, Philippe %A Hansen, Torben %A Pedersen, Oluf %A Morris, Andrew D %A Palmer, Collin N A %A Kathiresan, Sekar %A Melander, Olle %A Nilsson, Peter M %A Groop, Leif C %A Barroso, Inês %A Langenberg, Claudia %A Wareham, Nicholas J %A O'Callaghan, Christopher A %A Gloyn, Anna L %A Altshuler, David %A Boehnke, Michael %A Teslovich, Tanya M %A McCarthy, Mark I %A Morris, Andrew P %K Binding Sites %K Case-Control Studies %K Chromatin Immunoprecipitation %K Chromosome Mapping %K Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 %K Gene Expression Regulation %K Genetic Loci %K Genetic Predisposition to Disease %K Genome-Wide Association Study %K Genomics %K Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta %K Humans %K Islets of Langerhans %K Liver %K Molecular Sequence Annotation %K Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide %K Receptor, Melatonin, MT2 %X

We performed fine mapping of 39 established type 2 diabetes (T2D) loci in 27,206 cases and 57,574 controls of European ancestry. We identified 49 distinct association signals at these loci, including five mapping in or near KCNQ1. 'Credible sets' of the variants most likely to drive each distinct signal mapped predominantly to noncoding sequence, implying that association with T2D is mediated through gene regulation. Credible set variants were enriched for overlap with FOXA2 chromatin immunoprecipitation binding sites in human islet and liver cells, including at MTNR1B, where fine mapping implicated rs10830963 as driving T2D association. We confirmed that the T2D risk allele for this SNP increases FOXA2-bound enhancer activity in islet- and liver-derived cells. We observed allele-specific differences in NEUROD1 binding in islet-derived cells, consistent with evidence that the T2D risk allele increases islet MTNR1B expression. Our study demonstrates how integration of genetic and genomic information can define molecular mechanisms through which variants underlying association signals exert their effects on disease.

%B Nat Genet %V 47 %P 1415-25 %8 2015 Dec %G eng %N 12 %1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26551672?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1038/ng.3437