%0 Journal Article %J Science %D 2014 %T The sheep genome illuminates biology of the rumen and lipid metabolism. %A Jiang, Yu %A Xie, Min %A Chen, Wenbin %A Talbot, Richard %A Maddox, Jillian F %A Faraut, Thomas %A Wu, Chunhua %A Muzny, Donna M %A Li, Yuxiang %A Zhang, Wenguang %A Stanton, Jo-Ann %A Brauning, Rudiger %A Barris, Wesley C %A Hourlier, Thibaut %A Aken, Bronwen L %A Searle, Stephen M J %A Adelson, David L %A Bian, Chao %A Cam, Graham R %A Chen, Yulin %A Cheng, Shifeng %A DeSilva, Udaya %A Dixen, Karen %A Dong, Yang %A Fan, Guangyi %A Franklin, Ian R %A Fu, Shaoyin %A Guan, Rui %A Highland, Margaret A %A Holder, Michael E %A Huang, Guodong %A Ingham, Aaron B %A Jhangiani, Shalini N %A Kalra, Divya %A Kovar, Christie L %A Lee, Sandra L %A Liu, Weiqing %A Liu, Xin %A Lu, Changxin %A Lv, Tian %A Mathew, Tittu %A McWilliam, Sean %A Menzies, Moira %A Pan, Shengkai %A Robelin, David %A Servin, Bertrand %A Townley, David %A Wang, Wenliang %A Wei, Bin %A White, Stephen N %A Yang, Xinhua %A Ye, Chen %A Yue, Yaojing %A Zeng, Peng %A Zhou, Qing %A Hansen, Jacob B %A Kristensen, Karsten %A Gibbs, Richard A %A Flicek, Paul %A Warkup, Christopher C %A Jones, Huw E %A Oddy, V Hutton %A Nicholas, Frank W %A McEwan, John C %A Kijas, James %A Wang, Jun %A Worley, Kim C %A Archibald, Alan L %A Cockett, Noelle %A Xu, Xun %A Wang, Wen %A Dalrymple, Brian P %K Amino Acid Sequence %K Animals %K Fatty Acids, Volatile %K Gene Expression Regulation %K Genome %K Keratins, Hair-Specific %K Lipid Metabolism %K Molecular Sequence Data %K Phylogeny %K Rumen %K Sheep, Domestic %K Transcriptome %K Wool %X

Sheep (Ovis aries) are a major source of meat, milk, and fiber in the form of wool and represent a distinct class of animals that have a specialized digestive organ, the rumen, that carries out the initial digestion of plant material. We have developed and analyzed a high-quality reference sheep genome and transcriptomes from 40 different tissues. We identified highly expressed genes encoding keratin cross-linking proteins associated with rumen evolution. We also identified genes involved in lipid metabolism that had been amplified and/or had altered tissue expression patterns. This may be in response to changes in the barrier lipids of the skin, an interaction between lipid metabolism and wool synthesis, and an increased role of volatile fatty acids in ruminants compared with nonruminant animals.

%B Science %V 344 %P 1168-1173 %8 2014 Jun 06 %G eng %N 6188 %1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24904168?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1126/science.1252806 %0 Journal Article %J Science %D 2009 %T The genome sequence of taurine cattle: a window to ruminant biology and evolution. %A Elsik, Christine G %A Tellam, Ross L %A Worley, Kim C %A Gibbs, Richard A %A Muzny, Donna M %A Weinstock, George M %A Adelson, David L %A Eichler, Evan E %A Elnitski, Laura %A Guigó, Roderic %A Hamernik, Debora L %A Kappes, Steve M %A Lewin, Harris A %A Lynn, David J %A Nicholas, Frank W %A Reymond, Alexandre %A Rijnkels, Monique %A Skow, Loren C %A Zdobnov, Evgeny M %A Schook, Lawrence %A Womack, James %A Alioto, Tyler %A Antonarakis, Stylianos E %A Astashyn, Alex %A Chapple, Charles E %A Chen, Hsiu-Chuan %A Chrast, Jacqueline %A Camara, Francisco %A Ermolaeva, Olga %A Henrichsen, Charlotte N %A Hlavina, Wratko %A Kapustin, Yuri %A Kiryutin, Boris %A Kitts, Paul %A Kokocinski, Felix %A Landrum, Melissa %A Maglott, Donna %A Pruitt, Kim %A Sapojnikov, Victor %A Searle, Stephen M %A Solovyev, Victor %A Souvorov, Alexandre %A Ucla, Catherine %A Wyss, Carine %A Anzola, Juan M %A Gerlach, Daniel %A Elhaik, Eran %A Graur, Dan %A Reese, Justin T %A Edgar, Robert C %A McEwan, John C %A Payne, Gemma M %A Raison, Joy M %A Junier, Thomas %A Kriventseva, Evgenia V %A Eyras, Eduardo %A Plass, Mireya %A Donthu, Ravikiran %A Larkin, Denis M %A Reecy, James %A Yang, Mary Q %A Chen, Lin %A Cheng, Ze %A Chitko-McKown, Carol G %A Liu, George E %A Matukumalli, Lakshmi K %A Song, Jiuzhou %A Zhu, Bin %A Bradley, Daniel G %A Brinkman, Fiona S L %A Lau, Lilian P L %A Whiteside, Matthew D %A Walker, Angela %A Wheeler, Thomas T %A Casey, Theresa %A German, J Bruce %A Lemay, Danielle G %A Maqbool, Nauman J %A Molenaar, Adrian J %A Seo, Seongwon %A Stothard, Paul %A Baldwin, Cynthia L %A Baxter, Rebecca %A Brinkmeyer-Langford, Candice L %A Brown, Wendy C %A Childers, Christopher P %A Connelley, Timothy %A Ellis, Shirley A %A Fritz, Krista %A Glass, Elizabeth J %A Herzig, Carolyn T A %A Iivanainen, Antti %A Lahmers, Kevin K %A Bennett, Anna K %A Dickens, C Michael %A Gilbert, James G R %A Hagen, Darren E %A Salih, Hanni %A Aerts, Jan %A Caetano, Alexandre R %A Dalrymple, Brian %A Garcia, Jose Fernando %A Gill, Clare A %A Hiendleder, Stefan G %A Memili, Erdogan %A Spurlock, Diane %A Williams, John L %A Alexander, Lee %A Brownstein, Michael J %A Guan, Leluo %A Holt, Robert A %A Jones, Steven J M %A Marra, Marco A %A Moore, Richard %A Moore, Stephen S %A Roberts, Andy %A Taniguchi, Masaaki %A Waterman, Richard C %A Chacko, Joseph %A Chandrabose, Mimi M %A Cree, Andy %A Dao, Marvin Diep %A Dinh, Huyen H %A Gabisi, Ramatu Ayiesha %A Hines, Sandra %A Hume, Jennifer %A Jhangiani, Shalini N %A Joshi, Vandita %A Kovar, Christie L %A Lewis, Lora R %A Liu, Yih-Shin %A Lopez, John %A Morgan, Margaret B %A Nguyen, Ngoc Bich %A Okwuonu, Geoffrey O %A Ruiz, San Juana %A Santibanez, Jireh %A Wright, Rita A %A Buhay, Christian %A Ding, Yan %A Dugan-Rocha, Shannon %A Herdandez, Judith %A Holder, Michael %A Sabo, Aniko %A Egan, Amy %A Goodell, Jason %A Wilczek-Boney, Katarzyna %A Fowler, Gerald R %A Hitchens, Matthew Edward %A Lozado, Ryan J %A Moen, Charles %A Steffen, David %A Warren, James T %A Zhang, Jingkun %A Chiu, Readman %A Schein, Jacqueline E %A Durbin, K James %A Havlak, Paul %A Jiang, Huaiyang %A Liu, Yue %A Qin, Xiang %A Ren, Yanru %A Shen, Yufeng %A Song, Henry %A Bell, Stephanie Nicole %A Davis, Clay %A Johnson, Angela Jolivet %A Lee, Sandra %A Nazareth, Lynne V %A Patel, Bella Mayurkumar %A Pu, Ling-Ling %A Vattathil, Selina %A Williams, Rex Lee %A Curry, Stacey %A Hamilton, Cerissa %A Sodergren, Erica %A Wheeler, David A %A Barris, Wes %A Bennett, Gary L %A Eggen, André %A Green, Ronnie D %A Harhay, Gregory P %A Hobbs, Matthew %A Jann, Oliver %A Keele, John W %A Kent, Matthew P %A Lien, Sigbjørn %A McKay, Stephanie D %A McWilliam, Sean %A Ratnakumar, Abhirami %A Schnabel, Robert D %A Smith, Timothy %A Snelling, Warren M %A Sonstegard, Tad S %A Stone, Roger T %A Sugimoto, Yoshikazu %A Takasuga, Akiko %A Taylor, Jeremy F %A Van Tassell, Curtis P %A Macneil, Michael D %A Abatepaulo, Antonio R R %A Abbey, Colette A %A Ahola, Virpi %A Almeida, Iassudara G %A Amadio, Ariel F %A Anatriello, Elen %A Bahadue, Suria M %A Biase, Fernando H %A Boldt, Clayton R %A Carroll, Jeffery A %A Carvalho, Wanessa A %A Cervelatti, Eliane P %A Chacko, Elsa %A Chapin, Jennifer E %A Cheng, Ye %A Choi, Jungwoo %A Colley, Adam J %A de Campos, Tatiana A %A De Donato, Marcos %A Santos, Isabel K F de Miranda %A de Oliveira, Carlo J F %A Deobald, Heather %A Devinoy, Eve %A Donohue, Kaitlin E %A Dovc, Peter %A Eberlein, Annett %A Fitzsimmons, Carolyn J %A Franzin, Alessandra M %A Garcia, Gustavo R %A Genini, Sem %A Gladney, Cody J %A Grant, Jason R %A Greaser, Marion L %A Green, Jonathan A %A Hadsell, Darryl L %A Hakimov, Hatam A %A Halgren, Rob %A Harrow, Jennifer L %A Hart, Elizabeth A %A Hastings, Nicola %A Hernandez, Marta %A Hu, Zhi-Liang %A Ingham, Aaron %A Iso-Touru, Terhi %A Jamis, Catherine %A Jensen, Kirsty %A Kapetis, Dimos %A Kerr, Tovah %A Khalil, Sari S %A Khatib, Hasan %A Kolbehdari, Davood %A Kumar, Charu G %A Kumar, Dinesh %A Leach, Richard %A Lee, Justin C-M %A Li, Changxi %A Logan, Krystin M %A Malinverni, Roberto %A Marques, Elisa %A Martin, William F %A Martins, Natalia F %A Maruyama, Sandra R %A Mazza, Raffaele %A McLean, Kim L %A Medrano, Juan F %A Moreno, Barbara T %A Moré, Daniela D %A Muntean, Carl T %A Nandakumar, Hari P %A Nogueira, Marcelo F G %A Olsaker, Ingrid %A Pant, Sameer D %A Panzitta, Francesca %A Pastor, Rosemeire C P %A Poli, Mario A %A Poslusny, Nathan %A Rachagani, Satyanarayana %A Ranganathan, Shoba %A Razpet, Andrej %A Riggs, Penny K %A Rincon, Gonzalo %A Rodriguez-Osorio, Nelida %A Rodriguez-Zas, Sandra L %A Romero, Natasha E %A Rosenwald, Anne %A Sando, Lillian %A Schmutz, Sheila M %A Shen, Libing %A Sherman, Laura %A Southey, Bruce R %A Lutzow, Ylva Strandberg %A Sweedler, Jonathan V %A Tammen, Imke %A Telugu, Bhanu Prakash V L %A Urbanski, Jennifer M %A Utsunomiya, Yuri T %A Verschoor, Chris P %A Waardenberg, Ashley J %A Wang, Zhiquan %A Ward, Robert %A Weikard, Rosemarie %A Welsh, Thomas H %A White, Stephen N %A Wilming, Laurens G %A Wunderlich, Kris R %A Yang, Jianqi %A Zhao, Feng-Qi %K Alternative Splicing %K Animals %K Animals, Domestic %K Biological Evolution %K Cattle %K Evolution, Molecular %K Female %K Genetic Variation %K Genome %K Humans %K Male %K MicroRNAs %K Molecular Sequence Data %K Proteins %K Sequence Analysis, DNA %K Species Specificity %K Synteny %X

To understand the biology and evolution of ruminants, the cattle genome was sequenced to about sevenfold coverage. The cattle genome contains a minimum of 22,000 genes, with a core set of 14,345 orthologs shared among seven mammalian species of which 1217 are absent or undetected in noneutherian (marsupial or monotreme) genomes. Cattle-specific evolutionary breakpoint regions in chromosomes have a higher density of segmental duplications, enrichment of repetitive elements, and species-specific variations in genes associated with lactation and immune responsiveness. Genes involved in metabolism are generally highly conserved, although five metabolic genes are deleted or extensively diverged from their human orthologs. The cattle genome sequence thus provides a resource for understanding mammalian evolution and accelerating livestock genetic improvement for milk and meat production.

%B Science %V 324 %P 522-8 %8 2009 Apr 24 %G eng %N 5926 %1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19390049?dopt=Abstract %R 10.1126/science.1169588