The house spider genome reveals an ancient whole-genome duplication during arachnid evolution.

TitleThe house spider genome reveals an ancient whole-genome duplication during arachnid evolution.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2017
AuthorsSchwager, EE, Sharma, PP, Clarke, T, Leite, DJ, Wierschin, T, Pechmann, M, Akiyama-Oda, Y, Esposito, L, Bechsgaard, J, Bilde, T, Buffry, AD, Chao, H, Dinh, H, Doddapaneni, H, Dugan, S, Eibner, C, Extavour, CG, Funch, P, Garb, J, Gonzalez, LB, Gonzalez, VL, Griffiths-Jones, S, Han, Y, Hayashi, C, Hilbrant, M, Hughes, DST, Janssen, R, Lee, SL, Maeso, I, Murali, SC, Muzny, DM, da Fonseca, RNunes, Paese, CLB, Qu, J, Ronshaugen, M, Schomburg, C, Schönauer, A, Stollewerk, A, Torres-Oliva, M, Turetzek, N, Vanthournout, B, Werren, JH, Wolff, C, Worley, KC, Bucher, G, Gibbs, RA, Coddington, J, Oda, H, Stanke, M, Ayoub, NA, Prpic, N-M, Flot, J-F, Posnien, N, Richards, S, McGregor, AP
JournalBMC Biol
Volume15
Issue1
Pagination62
Date Published2017 Jul 31
ISSN1741-7007
KeywordsAnimals, Evolution, Molecular, Female, Gene Duplication, Genome, Male, Spiders, Synteny
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The duplication of genes can occur through various mechanisms and is thought to make a major contribution to the evolutionary diversification of organisms. There is increasing evidence for a large-scale duplication of genes in some chelicerate lineages including two rounds of whole genome duplication (WGD) in horseshoe crabs. To investigate this further, we sequenced and analyzed the genome of the common house spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum.RESULTS: We found pervasive duplication of both coding and non-coding genes in this spider, including two clusters of Hox genes. Analysis of synteny conservation across the P. tepidariorum genome suggests that there has been an ancient WGD in spiders. Comparison with the genomes of other chelicerates, including that of the newly sequenced bark scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus, suggests that this event occurred in the common ancestor of spiders and scorpions, and is probably independent of the WGDs in horseshoe crabs. Furthermore, characterization of the sequence and expression of the Hox paralogs in P. tepidariorum suggests that many have been subject to neo-functionalization and/or sub-functionalization since their duplication.CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that spiders and scorpions are likely the descendants of a polyploid ancestor that lived more than 450 MYA. Given the extensive morphological diversity and ecological adaptations found among these animals, rivaling those of vertebrates, our study of the ancient WGD event in Arachnopulmonata provides a new comparative platform to explore common and divergent evolutionary outcomes of polyploidization events across eukaryotes.

DOI10.1186/s12915-017-0399-x
Alternate JournalBMC Biol
PubMed ID28756775
PubMed Central IDPMC5535294
Grant ListU54 HG003273 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States

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