Punctuated duplication seeding events during the evolution of human chromosome 2p11.

TitlePunctuated duplication seeding events during the evolution of human chromosome 2p11.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2005
AuthorsHorvath, JE, Gulden, CL, Vallente, RU, Eichler, MY, Ventura, M, McPherson, JD, Graves, TA, Wilson, RK, Schwartz, S, Rocchi, M, Eichler, EE
JournalGenome Res
Volume15
Issue7
Pagination914-27
Date Published2005 Jul
ISSN1088-9051
KeywordsAnimals, Centromere, Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2, Evolution, Molecular, Gene Duplication, Humans, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence, Models, Genetic, Molecular Sequence Data, Nucleic Acid Hybridization, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sequence Analysis, DNA
Abstract

Primate genomic sequence comparisons are becoming increasingly useful for elucidating the evolutionary history and organization of our own genome. Such studies are particularly informative within human pericentromeric regions--areas of particularly rapid change in genomic structure. Here, we present a systematic analysis of the evolutionary history of one approximately 700-kb region of 2p11, including the first autosomal transition from pericentromeric sequence to higher-order alpha-satellite DNA. We show that this region is composed of segmental duplications corresponding to 14 ancestral segments ranging in size from 4 kb to approximately 115 kb. These duplicons show 94%-98.5% sequence identity to their ancestral loci. Comparative FISH and phylogenetic analysis indicate that these duplicons are differentially distributed in human, chimpanzee, and gorilla genomes, whereas baboon has a single putative ancestral locus for all but one of the duplications. Our analysis supports a model where duplicative transposition events occurred during a narrow window of evolution after the separation of the human/ape lineage from the Old World monkeys (10-20 million years ago). Although dramatic secondary dispersal events occurred during the radiation of the human, chimpanzee, and gorilla lineages, duplicative transposition seeding events of new material to this particular pericentromeric region abruptly ceased after this time period. The multiplicity of initial duplicative transpositions prior to the separation of humans and great-apes suggests a punctuated model for the formation of highly duplicated pericentromeric regions within the human genome. The data further indicate that factors other than sequence are important determinants for such bursts of duplicative transposition from the euchromatin to pericentromeric regions.

DOI10.1101/gr.3916405
Alternate JournalGenome Res
PubMed ID15965031
PubMed Central IDPMC1172035
Grant ListGTF04001 / TI_ / Telethon / Italy
R01 GM058815 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
T32 GM008613 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
GM58815 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
HG002385 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States
GM08613 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States
R01 HG002385 / HG / NHGRI NIH HHS / United States

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