Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease.

TitleRare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2017
AuthorsSims, R, van der Lee, SJ, Naj, AC, Bellenguez, C, Badarinarayan, N, Jakobsdottir, J, Kunkle, BW, Boland, A, Raybould, R, Bis, JC, Martin, ER, Grenier-Boley, B, Heilmann-Heimbach, S, Chouraki, V, Kuzma, AB, Sleegers, K, Vronskaya, M, Ruiz, A, Graham, RR, Olaso, R, Hoffmann, P, Grove, ML, Vardarajan, BN, Hiltunen, M, Nöthen, MM, White, CC, Hamilton-Nelson, KL, Epelbaum, J, Maier, W, Choi, S-H, Beecham, GW, Dulary, C, Herms, S, Smith, AV, Funk, CC, Derbois, C, Forstner, AJ, Ahmad, S, Li, H, Bacq, D, Harold, D, Satizabal, CL, Valladares, O, Squassina, A, Thomas, R, Brody, JA, Qu, L, Sánchez-Juan, P, Morgan, T, Wolters, FJ, Zhao, Y, Garcia, FSanchez, Denning, N, Fornage, M, Malamon, J, Naranjo, MCandida De, Majounie, E, Mosley, TH, Dombroski, B, Wallon, D, Lupton, MK, Dupuis, J, Whitehead, P, Fratiglioni, L, Medway, C, Jian, X, Mukherjee, S, Keller, L, Brown, K, Lin, H, Cantwell, LB, Panza, F, McGuinness, B, Moreno-Grau, S, Burgess, JD, Solfrizzi, V, Proitsi, P, Adams, HH, Allen, M, Seripa, D, Pastor, P, L Cupples, A, Price, ND, Hannequin, D, Frank-García, A, Levy, D, Chakrabarty, P, Caffarra, P, Giegling, I, Beiser, AS, Giedraitis, V, Hampel, H, Garcia, ME, Wang, X, Lannfelt, L, Mecocci, P, Eiriksdottir, G, Crane, PK, Pasquier, F, Boccardi, V, Henández, I, Barber, RC, Scherer, M, Tarraga, L, Adams, PM, Leber, M, Chen, Y, Albert, MS, Riedel-Heller, S, Emilsson, V, Beekly, D, Braae, A, Schmidt, R, Blacker, D, Masullo, C, Schmidt, H, Doody, RS, Spalletta, G, Longstreth, WT, Fairchild, TJ, Bossù, P, Lopez, OL, Frosch, MP, Sacchinelli, E, Ghetti, B, Yang, Q, Huebinger, RM, Jessen, F, Li, S, M Kamboh, I, Morris, J, Sotolongo-Grau, O, Katz, MJ, Corcoran, C, Dunstan, M, Braddel, A, Thomas, C, Meggy, A, Marshall, R, Gerrish, A, Chapman, J, Aguilar, M, Taylor, S, Hill, M, Fairén, MDíez, Hodges, A, Vellas, B, Soininen, H, Kloszewska, I, Daniilidou, M, Uphill, J, Patel, Y, Hughes, JT, Lord, J, Turton, J, Hartmann, AM, Cecchetti, R, Fenoglio, C, Serpente, M, Arcaro, M, Caltagirone, C, Orfei, MDonata, Ciaramella, A, Pichler, S, Mayhaus, M, Gu, W, Lleo, A, Fortea, J, Blesa, R, Barber, IS, Brookes, K, Cupidi, C, Maletta, RGiovanni, Carrell, D, Sorbi, S, Moebus, S, Urbano, M, Pilotto, A, Kornhuber, J, Bosco, P, Todd, S, Craig, D, Johnston, J, Gill, M, Lawlor, B, Lynch, A, Fox, NC, Hardy, J, Albin, RL, Apostolova, LG, Arnold, SE, Asthana, S, Atwood, CS, Baldwin, CT, Barnes, LL, Barral, S, Beach, TG, Becker, JT, Bigio, EH, Bird, TD, Boeve, BF, Bowen, JD, Boxer, A, Burke, JR, Burns, JM, Buxbaum, JD, Cairns, NJ, Cao, C, Carlson, CS, Carlsson, CM, Carney, RM, Carrasquillo, MM, Carroll, SL, Diaz, CCeballos, Chui, HC, Clark, DG, Cribbs, DH, Crocco, EA, DeCarli, C, Dick, M, Duara, R, Evans, DA, Faber, KM, Fallon, KB, Fardo, DW, Farlow, MR, Ferris, S, Foroud, TM, Galasko, DR, Gearing, M, Geschwind, DH, Gilbert, JR, Graff-Radford, NR, Green, RC, Growdon, JH, Hamilton, RL, Harrell, LE, Honig, LS, Huentelman, MJ, Hulette, CM, Hyman, BT, Jarvik, GP, Abner, E, Jin, L-W, Jun, G, Karydas, A, Kaye, JA, Kim, R, Kowall, NW, Kramer, JH, LaFerla, FM, Lah, JJ, Leverenz, JB, Levey, AI, Li, G, Lieberman, AP, Lunetta, KL, Lyketsos, CG, Marson, DC, Martiniuk, F, Mash, DC, Masliah, E, McCormick, WC, McCurry, SM, McDavid, AN, McKee, AC, Mesulam, M, Miller, BL, Miller, CA, Miller, JW, Morris, JC, Murrell, JR, Myers, AJ, O'Bryant, S, Olichney, JM, Pankratz, VS, Parisi, JE, Paulson, HL, Perry, W, Peskind, E, Pierce, A, Poon, WW, Potter, H, Quinn, JF, Raj, A, Raskind, M, Reisberg, B, Reitz, C, Ringman, JM, Roberson, ED, Rogaeva, E, Rosen, HJ, Rosenberg, RN, Sager, MA, Saykin, AJ, Schneider, JA, Schneider, LS, Seeley, WW, Smith, AG, Sonnen, JA, Spina, S, Stern, RA, Swerdlow, RH, Tanzi, RE, Thornton-Wells, TA, Trojanowski, JQ, Troncoso, JC, Van Deerlin, VM, Van Eldik, LJ, Vinters, HV, Vonsattel, JPaul, Weintraub, S, Welsh-Bohmer, KA, Wilhelmsen, KC, Williamson, J, Wingo, TS, Woltjer, RL, Wright, CB, Yu, C-E, Yu, L, Garzia, F, Golamaully, F, Septier, G, Engelborghs, S, Vandenberghe, R, De Deyn, PP, Fernadez, CMuñoz, Benito, YAladro, Thonberg, H, Forsell, C, Lilius, L, Kinhult-Stählbom, A, Kilander, L, Brundin, RM, Concari, L, Helisalmi, S, Koivisto, AMaria, Haapasalo, A, Dermecourt, V, Fiévet, N, Hanon, O, Dufouil, C, Brice, A, Ritchie, K, Dubois, B, Himali, JJ, C Keene, D, Tschanz, JA, Fitzpatrick, AL, Kukull, WA, Norton, M, Aspelund, T, Larson, EB, Munger, R, Rotter, JI, Lipton, RB, Bullido, MJ, Hofman, A, Montine, TJ, Coto, E, Boerwinkle, E, Petersen, RC, Alvarez, V, Rivadeneira, F, Reiman, EM, Gallo, M, O'Donnell, CJ, Reisch, JS, Bruni, ACecilia, Royall, DR, Dichgans, M, Sano, M, Galimberti, D, St George-Hyslop, P, Scarpini, E, Tsuang, DW, Mancuso, M, Bonuccelli, U, Winslow, AR, Daniele, A, Wu, C-K, Peters, O, Nacmias, B, Riemenschneider, M, Heun, R, Brayne, C, Rubinsztein, DC, Bras, J, Guerreiro, R, Al-Chalabi, A, Shaw, CE, Collinge, J, Mann, D, Tsolaki, M, Clarimon, J, Sussams, R, Lovestone, S, O'Donovan, MC, Owen, MJ, Behrens, TW, Mead, S, Goate, AM, Uitterlinden, AG, Holmes, C, Cruchaga, C, Ingelsson, M, Bennett, DA, Powell, J, Golde, TE, Graff, C, De Jager, PL, Morgan, K, Ertekin-Taner, N, Combarros, O, Psaty, BM, Passmore, P, Younkin, SG, Berr, C, Gudnason, V, Rujescu, D, Dickson, DW, Dartigues, J-F, DeStefano, AL, Ortega-Cubero, S, Hakonarson, H, Campion, D, Boada, M, Kauwe, JKeoni, Farrer, LA, Van Broeckhoven, C, M Ikram, A, Jones, L, Haines, JL, Tzourio, C, Launer, LJ, Escott-Price, V, Mayeux, R, Deleuze, J-F, Amin, N, Holmans, PA, Pericak-Vance, MA, Amouyel, P, van Duijn, CM, Ramirez, A, San Wang, L-, Lambert, J-C, Seshadri, S, Williams, J, Schellenberg, GD
Corporate AuthorsARUK Consortium, GERAD/PERADES, CHARGE, ADGC, EADI
JournalNat Genet
Volume49
Issue9
Pagination1373-1384
Date Published2017 Sep
ISSN1546-1718
KeywordsAdaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Alzheimer Disease, Amino Acid Sequence, Case-Control Studies, Exome, Gene Expression Profiling, Gene Frequency, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Linkage Disequilibrium, Membrane Glycoproteins, Microglia, Odds Ratio, Phospholipase C gamma, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protein Interaction Maps, Receptors, Immunologic, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Abstract

We identified rare coding variants associated with Alzheimer's disease in a three-stage case-control study of 85,133 subjects. In stage 1, we genotyped 34,174 samples using a whole-exome microarray. In stage 2, we tested associated variants (P < 1 × 10) in 35,962 independent samples using de novo genotyping and imputed genotypes. In stage 3, we used an additional 14,997 samples to test the most significant stage 2 associations (P < 5 × 10) using imputed genotypes. We observed three new genome-wide significant nonsynonymous variants associated with Alzheimer's disease: a protective variant in PLCG2 (rs72824905: p.Pro522Arg, P = 5.38 × 10, odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, minor allele frequency (MAF) = 0.0059, MAF = 0.0093), a risk variant in ABI3 (rs616338: p.Ser209Phe, P = 4.56 × 10, OR = 1.43, MAF = 0.011, MAF = 0.008), and a new genome-wide significant variant in TREM2 (rs143332484: p.Arg62His, P = 1.55 × 10, OR = 1.67, MAF = 0.0143, MAF = 0.0089), a known susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease. These protein-altering changes are in genes highly expressed in microglia and highlight an immune-related protein-protein interaction network enriched for previously identified risk genes in Alzheimer's disease. These genetic findings provide additional evidence that the microglia-mediated innate immune response contributes directly to the development of Alzheimer's disease.

DOI10.1038/ng.3916
Alternate JournalNat Genet
PubMed ID28714976
PubMed Central IDPMC5669039
Grant ListP30 AG013854 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States
P30 AG053760 / AG / NIA NIH HHS / United States
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