Sheep genome functional annotation reveals proximal regulatory elements contributed to the evolution of modern breeds.

TitleSheep genome functional annotation reveals proximal regulatory elements contributed to the evolution of modern breeds.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2018
AuthorsNaval-Sanchez, M, Nguyen, Q, McWilliam, S, Porto-Neto, LR, Tellam, R, Vuocolo, T, Reverter, A, Perez-Enciso, M, Brauning, R, Clarke, S, McCulloch, A, Zamani, W, Naderi, S, Rezaei, HReza, Pompanon, F, Taberlet, P, Worley, KC, Gibbs, RA, Muzny, DM, Jhangiani, SN, Cockett, N, Daetwyler, H, Kijas, J
JournalNat Commun
Volume9
Issue1
Pagination859
Date Published2018 Feb 28
ISSN2041-1723
KeywordsAnimals, Breeding, Evolution, Molecular, Female, Gene Frequency, Genome, Male, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Phylogeny, Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional, Sheep
Abstract

Domestication fundamentally reshaped animal morphology, physiology and behaviour, offering the opportunity to investigate the molecular processes driving evolutionary change. Here we assess sheep domestication and artificial selection by comparing genome sequence from 43 modern breeds (Ovis aries) and their Asian mouflon ancestor (O. orientalis) to identify selection sweeps. Next, we provide a comparative functional annotation of the sheep genome, validated using experimental ChIP-Seq of sheep tissue. Using these annotations, we evaluate the impact of selection and domestication on regulatory sequences and find that sweeps are significantly enriched for protein coding genes, proximal regulatory elements of genes and genome features associated with active transcription. Finally, we find individual sites displaying strong allele frequency divergence are enriched for the same regulatory features. Our data demonstrate that remodelling of gene expression is likely to have been one of the evolutionary forces that drove phenotypic diversification of this common livestock species.

DOI10.1038/s41467-017-02809-1
Alternate JournalNat Commun
PubMed ID29491421
PubMed Central IDPMC5830443

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